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On
a hot and stifling summer night in Delhi, a vocalist
started singing the raga, Dhulia Malhar. The moon was
shining full
and bright, but the weather was unbearable. While the
singing progressed, nature seemed to get involved too.
Dark clouds began gathering and before the audience could
applaud, loud thunderclaps were soon followed by pouring
rain. It was as if the heavens were moved by the intensity
of the singer invoking the monsoon through the Raga
Mallhar! It is not without reason that the internationally
acclaimed film-maker Ismail Merchant once said, "If
you want to experience being with God, listen to Panditji!"
Yes, we are
talking about the contemporary doyen of North Indian
vocals, Sangeet Martand PANDIT JASRAJ, who needs little
introduction. The voice of Jasraj is simply one of the
most delightful sounds in all of music. It is an exquisite
synthesis of air and earth, projected with the fluidity of
water, and the intensity of fire. The depth of his
spiritual immersion in presenting ragas and his
intellectual imagination in developing ragas is matched by
precious few among Indian instrumentalists of contemporary
times. Strewn across nearly seven decades, lie indelible
memories that glisten with pearls of wisdom, bringing
smiles or tears to one's face. Moments of wordless wonder
or deep despair are recalled, but never to be forgotten,
because it is both the joys and the sorrows that have
chiseled the life of a man who is the chosen instrument of
God. For that is just what the Lord Krishna once said to
Panditji in a dream: "Jasraj, you must sing. Sing for
me. Your prayers reach me faster on the wings of your
music!"
Jasraj
was born in Hissar, in Haryana State, on January 28, 1930.
He was the youngest son of Pandit Motiram and grandson of
Pandit Jyotiram, both exponents of the Mewati Gharana of
the Indian Classical Music. The legend's introduction to
singing was initiated while listening to the soulful
strains of gazals sung by Akhtaribai Faizabadi, now
renowned as Begum Akhtar. He was six at the time and
spellbound. All he knew was that he wanted to sing.
Ironically, after a brief initiation into vocal music,
Jasraj opted for the tabla under the training of Pandit
Pratapnarayan. This was merely a decision taken to create
an additional means of livelihood in order to lighten the
burden of family responsibilities that were thrust by the
sudden demise of Pandit Jasraj's father in 1934. However,
a career as percussionist ended for Jasraj quite abruptly,
and he decided to take up singing after being derided by a
senior musician for beating a dead animal's skin and
therefore utterly unqualified to talk about the finer
points of music.
In the year
1944, the family suffered another setback when elder
brother Sangeet Mahamahopadhyaya Pandit Maniram lost his
voice, thus making it evident that the family also lost
its sole means of survival. It was then that Maharaja
Jaywant Singhji Waghela of Saanand, himself a gifted and
scholarly musician of the Mewati Gharana, took the family
under his wings. After gaining back his voice, Pandit
Maniram began training Jasraj as a vocalist. Jasraj was
also guided by the spiritual influence of Maharaja Jaywant
Singhji Waghela of Saanand, thus beginning his vocal and
spiritual journey.
Through
rigorous training, Pandit Maniram ensured that Jasraj
carried on the proud legacy of Mewati Gharana started by
Ustad Ghagge Nazir of Jodhpur. Today, the fact that it
remains preserved through ensuing trials is in itself a
testimony to the sheer grit and determination that has
gone into its preservation. Pandit Jasraj, who has kept it
alive to enthrall and exalt our spirits today, is its
voice, making sure that the future generations will imbibe
its qualities and take it to greater heights.
Endowed
with a voice that is his fortune, Jasraj has harnessed his
talent and genius into a style of his own. His singing is
marked by depth of feeling and sensitivity of temper - the
kind of music that grips the ear and the soul alike. The
charm of his expression marks him as an "artiste par
excellence." His alaps are deeply communicative while
his boltaans speak of his fecund imagination. To this he
adds his playful sargams and sprightly taans. The impact
is abiding. In the years to follow, Pandit Jasraj
gradually climbed the ladder of recognition and fame
through measured steps one after another. His first ever
public concert came in 1952 before King Tribhuvan Vikram
of Nepal. It was followed by the first performance at a
conference in Kokata in 1954. In a landmark year, 1959,
Jasraj performed an incredible six hour non-stop rendition
in a duet with older brother Maniramji, simply as a result
of public demand.
Pandtit
Jasraj's resolved not to marry until he performed at the
Radio Sangeet Sanbmelan. In 1962, his dream came true, and
he married Madhura, daughter of V. Shantaram, the pioneer
of Indian Cinema, only after he participated in the Radio
Sangeet Sanmelan in 1960. From 1960 to 1975, Jasraj became
a regular performer at the Tansen Festival at Gwalior. In
the meantime, Jasraj continued to perform at different
prestigious venues and conferences, and he got much needed
recognition while rendering his music before an august
company that included gathering including Ustad Bade
Ghulam Ali Khan, Ustad Amanat Ali-Fateh Ali, Prasun, Meera
Banerji, Nasir Ahmed Khan , A.T. Kanan and most
importantly, Pandit Omkarnath Thakur.
Pandit
Jasraj rose to stardom in the seventies, offering a
totally new approach to classicism with an arresting,
haunting melody, a soft, velvety tonality, a delicate,
filigree-like clusters of ornamentations, a sensual
languor in phrasing, and an overall sheen of romanticism.
His style captured the imagination of a new generation of
listeners who were alienated by the robustness of the
classical approach. In 1975, he received the Padmashree
award from the Government of India, and in 1976, he was
given the title Sangeet Martand. The next year marked the
beginning of his conquest across the boundaries of India,
and he went global with his music.
Although
every performance by Pandit Jasraj can be deemed as
original, he is the originator of a most unique concept
that will go down in history as the work of a genius and
as a great contribution to Indian music. A novel
Jugalbandi (duet), which finds inspiration from the
ancient system of moorchanas, is the Jasrangi. The
Jasrangi is a sensuous fusion of the 'Purush (Male) and 'Prakriti'
(Female). It is a harmonious blend in which a male and
female singer, each with individual accompaniments, sing
different ragas at their own respective scales,
interweaving them into a wondrous whole.
Not content
with the tried and the tested, Pandit Jasraj has not only
created over a hundred bandishes, but has also traversed
the uncharted path of singing Sanskrit verses authored by
eminent philosophers like Adi Shankaracharya,
Vallabhacharya, Chaitanya Mahaprabhu and Swami Vivekanand
in pure Hindustani classical style. They have veritably
created a major spiritual revolution in classical music.
Today, he sings ancient Sanskrit compositions with great
ease. His inimitable devotional quality of singing
together with the sanctity of the Sanskrit verses creates
a highly charged atmosphere of the divine. His deep
research in Pushti Margi Sangeet/Haveli Sangeet
(Traditional Temple Music of the Vaishnav sect), under the
guidance of Shyam Manohar Goswami Maharaj has given the
music world some rare and inspired compositions.
Perfect
diction, clarity of sur and command over all aspects of
laya are other highlights of his music. He pays great
attention to the choice of the composition as well as the
words. This sensitivity together with his pure classical
approach has given his music a lyrical quality which is
the quintessence of the Mewati style of singing.
Another
dimension of Pandit Jasraj's variety of vocal explorations
is the manner in which he renders bhajans. He has raised
the bhajan and the stotra from the level of an add-on in a
classical concert to an independent musical genre, which
enhances music itself and infuses life into the mystical
lyrics of the past. He has merged classical values and
structures with the rich spiritual ethos and literature of
India, thus making difficult Sanskrit texts highly
accessible to the audience through his efforts.
In line
with the quality of his work, Pandit Jasraj has received
tremendous adulation and accolades from all parts of the
world. Few Indian musicians have been so celebrated as
Pandit Jasraj. Fewer still have been celebrated the way he
has been both in his own country as well as abroad. In
India, the most notables among titles and awards are Padma
Vibhusan, Padma Bhushan, Padmashree, Sangeet Martand,
Sangeet Kala Ratna, Sangeet Natak, Maharashtra Gaurav
Puraskar, and Dinanath Mangeshkar awards. In fact, each
and every state of India has felicitated and bestowed one
award or another on Pandit Jasraaj for his contribution to
the field of music.
Overseas,
the University of Toronto has honored Pandit Jasraj with
its highest award, the "Distinguished Visitor
Award" making Panditji the first ever to receive it
in the 200-year history of the University. A Scholarship
has also been instituted by the University of Toronto in
the name of Pandit Jasraj for young deserving students of
Indian music. Harvard University Art Museum together with
Kalawati (a wing of the University) of the United States
as well as Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan of London has also
honored Panditji. He is even bestowed with the American
Academy of Artists Award.
Another
very important contribution of Pandit Jasraj in propelling
the charm of Indian classical music across frontiers has
been the establishment of his music institutes in the
United States. After being inundated with requests from
American music lovers, Panditji along with his favorite
disciple Pandita Tripti Mukherjee, opened the Pandit
Jasraj Music Academy on an experimental basis in New
Jersey. The main goal of the Academy was to introduce
music lovers to the rich treasure of Indian classical
music, with a focus on the Mewati tradition.
During 1995
- 1999, Pandita Mukherjee primarily conducted music
classes at two locations, New Jersey and Pittsburgh, while
Pandit Jasraj visited the institutions on a regular basis.
Considering the growing need as well as a deep commitment
to music exhibited by students, especially in New York
City, Jasraj decided to put the experimental music academy
on a firm footing. In 2000, the Pandit Jasraj School of
Music Foundation (PJSMF) was officially registered in the
state of New York.
Later,
after witnessing an emerging trend among a segment of
students interested in musicology and research related to
the theoretical foundation of Indian music, Jasraj felt a
the nuances and actitivies related to Indian classical
music should be brought together. In 2006, the
organization was renamed as the Pandit Jasraj Institute of
Music for Research, Artistry and Appreciation - the Mewati
Gurukul (PJIM). Today, PJIM, located in New Jersey, New
York and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, is under the guidance
of Sangeet Martand Pandit Jasraj and Pandita Tripti
Mukherjee. Jasraj continues to foster the preservation,
growth and teaching of Indian classical music in the
tradition of Mewati Gharana. Through this, the institute
and its members will carry on the legacy of Mewati Gharana,
along with the rich cultural traditions and values of
India.
Through
history, artists who have left the most indelible imprints
on the sands of time have been innovators, ones who have
dared to strike their own paths, to explore possibilities,
stretch the seams of what is believed to be sacrosanct and
holy. Pandit Jasraj is an innovator, an artist who will be
remembered and emulated by future generations for his
contributions to musical thought.
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